{"id":79,"date":"2023-06-29T09:42:17","date_gmt":"2023-06-29T09:42:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/?p=79"},"modified":"2024-06-25T09:20:58","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T04:20:58","slug":"kompyuter-texnikasi-vositalari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/kompyuter-texnikasi-vositalari\/","title":{"rendered":"KOMPYUTER TEXNIKASI VOSITALARI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Dar<em>s<\/em> maqsadi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:lower-alpha\">\n<li>Ta\u2019limiy: O\u2019quvchilarga kompyuter texnikasi vositalari mavzusini o\u2019rgatish;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tarbiyaviy: O\u2019quvchilarni vatanga sodiq va fidoiy qilib tarbiyalash, milliy va umummadaniy qadriyatlarimiz asosida tarbiyalash;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rivojlantiruvchi: O\u2019quvchilarda kompyuter texnikasi vositalari mavzusi bo\u2019yicha bilim, ko\u2019nikma, malaka va kompetensiyalarini rivojlantirish.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dars uchun umumiy kompetensiya:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:1\">\n<li>Axborotlar bilan ishlash;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>O\u2019z-o\u2019zini rivojlantirish;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Milliy va umummadaniy;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Matematik savodxonlik.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Fanga oid kompetensiya:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O\u2019quvchilarda kompyuter texnikasi vositalari haqida ko\u2019nikmalari rivojlantirish. Ixtiyoriy kompyuterda ishlay olish va kompyuterning barcha texnik vositalaridan foydalana olish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Darsning borishi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Tashkiliy qism<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:lower-alpha\">\n<li><strong>Salomlashish:<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Davomatni aniqlash:<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Siyosiy daqiqa (Bugungi kun axborot va texnologiya yangiliklari):<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Yangi mavzu bayoni:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zamonaviy kompyuterlarni xotiraning <strong>qattiq disk<\/strong> (ing. HDD, Hard \u2013 qattiq, Disk \u2013 disk, Drive \u2013 dvigatel) deb ataluvchi turisiz tasavvur qilib bo\u2018lmaydi. Bu xotirani <strong>asosiy xotira qurilmasi<\/strong> deb ham atash mumkin. Chunki, birinchidan: qattiq disklar, odatda, kompyuterning sistema bloki ichiga joylashtirilib, asosiy platada shleyf orqali ulanadigan maxsus joyi bor (shuning uchun axborot almashinuvi juda tez); lkknchidan: kompyuterga operatsion sistema o\u2018rnatilayotganda, shu kompyuterga mos parametrlar operatsion sistemaga bog\u2018lab, qattiq diskka yozib saqlanadi. Bundan tashqari, shu kompyuter foydalanuvchilarining amaliy dastur, hujjat va boshqa turdagi ma\u2019lumotlari ham shu diskda saqlanadi.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"326\" height=\"522\" src=\"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/qattiq_disk.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-80\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Disk sirti nuqtalar majmui sifatida, nuqtalar esa, o\u2018z navbatida, alohida <strong>bit<\/strong> sifatida ko\u2018rilib, ularning har biriga 0 yoki 1 qiymat (magnitlangan yoki magnitlanmagan \u2013 \u201cmagnit ekvivalenti\u201d deb ham yuritiladi) beriladi. Mazkur nuqtalarning joylashuvi oldindan aniq bo\u2018lmaganligi bois, axborotni yozish uchun yozuv qurilmasi nishonlash usulidan foydalanadi. Nishon yozuvning holati va \u043e\u2018rnini aniqlashga yordam beradi. Mazkur nishonlarning mavjudligi diskka axborot yozishning texnologiyasi asosini tashkil etadi, nishonlar hosil qilinishi uchun esa diskni <strong>formatlash<\/strong> talab etiladi. Disk formatlanganda konsentrik aylanalar ko\u2018rinishidagi yo\u2018llarga ajratiladi hamda yo\u2018llar sektorlarga bo\u2018linadi. Axborot disk sektorlarining yo\u2018llari bo\u2018ylab yoziladi. Sektor va yo\u2018llar o\u2018z tartib raqamlariga egadir. Diskning har bir sektorida identifikatsiya qilish uchun adres <strong>maydoni<\/strong> deb ataladigan joy ajratiladi, qolgan joylariga esa ma\u2019lumotlar yoziladi. Bu qurilma changdan, namlikdan va boshqa tashqi ta\u2019sirlardan juda yaxshi himoyalanganligi sababli, boshqa disklarga nisbatan yozishning yuqori zichligiga erishiladi. Hozirgi kunda qattiq disklarning <strong>gigabayt<\/strong> va <strong>terabayt<\/strong> o\u2018lchov birlikli sig\u2018imdagi turlari ishlab chiqarilmoqda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kompyuterga turli shakldagi axborotlarni kiritish yoki chiqarish uchun xizmat qiluvchi qurilmalar <strong>ma\u2019lumotlarni kiritish-chiqarish qurilmalari<\/strong> deb yuritiladi. Eng asosiy ma\u2019lumotlarni kiritish-chiqarish qurilmalari safiga <strong>monitor<\/strong> va <strong>klaviatura<\/strong> kiradi.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"202\" src=\"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/klaviatura.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-81\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Kompyuterga ma\u2019lumotlar va buyruqlarni kiritish usullaridan biri klaviaturada joylashgan klavishlardan foydalanishdir. Aniq bir klavish yoki klavishlar birikmasining bosilishi aynan mos ikkilik kodining kiritilishiga olib keladi. Buning boisi shifrlovchi deb yuritiladigan mikrosxema ma\u2019lum bir klavish bosilishida hosil bo\u2019ladigan signalni ikkilik kodga aylantirib beradi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/strong> kompyuterning ish jarayonida vujudga keladigan axborotlarning zarur qismini ekranda yoritib berishni ta\u2019minlaydi. Monitor <strong>matn<\/strong> yoki <strong>grafik<\/strong> holatida ishlaydi. Matn holatida ekran belgi o\u2018rinlari deb yuritiluvchi alohida qismlarga bo&#8217;linadi. Grafik holatda ekran <strong>piksel<\/strong> deb ataluvchi nuqtalar to&#8217;plamidan tashkil topadi. Ikkala holatda ham belgi yoki pikselning ranglari, fonning rangi, ravshanligi va boshqa parametrlar haqidagi ma\u2019lumotlar videoxotirada saqlanadi. Monitordagi piksellarning umumiy miqdori <strong>monitoming imkon darajasi<\/strong>, deb ataladi. Hozirgi davrda grafik adapteri VGA, SVGA, XGA turda bo\u2018lgan monitorlar keng tarqalgan. Monitorlarni yana elektron nurli trubkali, suyuq kristalli (LCD) va plazmali turlarga bo&#8217;lishadi.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"555\" height=\"429\" src=\"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/monitor-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-84\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/monitor-2.png 555w, https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/monitor-2-300x232.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 555px) 100vw, 555px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Ma\u2019lumotlarni kiritish-chiqarish qurilmalari safiga <strong>axborot tashuvchi vosita<\/strong>lar bilan bevosita bog\u2018liq bo\u2018lgan strimer, disk yurituvchi, optik disk qurilmasi, USB-yig\u2018uvchilar ham kiradi. Kompyuterdagi ma\u2019lumotlarni biridan ikkinchisiga tashib o\u2018tkazish va ma\u2019lumotlarni kompyutersiz uzoq vaqt saqlab turish uchun maxsus xotira vositalari ishlab chiqarilgan bo\u2018lib, ularni axborot tashuvchi vositalar yoki tashqi xotiralar deb atashadi. Axborot tashuvchi vositalarga ma\u2019lumot muhitning fizik, kimyoviy va mexanik xossalarini o\u2018zgartirish orqali yoziladi. Ular tuzulishiga ko\u2018ra quyidagi turlarga bo\u2018linadi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Magnit tasma<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Egiluvchan magnit disk<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Optik disklar<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Flash-xotira<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Magnit tasma<\/strong>lardan, odatda, zaxiraga nusxalash va katta hajmli axborotlarni (arxivda) saqlash uchun foydalaniladi. Magnit tasma sirti magnitlanuvchan maxsus qatlam bilan qoplangan. Unga axborot yozish va undan axborotni o\u2018qish xuddi magnitofonlardagi kabi magnit kallak yordamida amalga oshiriladi. Magnit tasmalarga axborot yozish va o\u2018qish qurilmasi strimer deb ataladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/images.yandex.ru\/yandsearch?lr=10329&amp;noreask=1&amp;ed=1&amp;text=%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0&amp;p=1&amp;img_url=compsmir.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/497a01ab-f188-436e-b190-d298a6f2ada9_508x0_q99.jpg&amp;rpt=simage\"><\/a><strong>Egiluvchan magnit disklar<\/strong> \u2013 (yoki qisqacha disketlar) asosan, ikki xil bo lib, himoya g\u2018ilofi ichidagi egiluvchan doira shaklidagi plastinka \u2013 <strong>disk<\/strong> diametrlari bilan farqlanadi (3,5 dyumli \u2013 89 mm, 5,25 dyumli \u2013 133 mm). Ularning sig\u2018imini g\u2018ilofida ko\u2018rsatilgan maxsus belgilari orqali bilib olish mumkin. Odatda, 3,5 dyumli disketning axborot sig\u2018imi 1,44 Mbayt ni, 5,25 dyumli disket uchun esa 1,2 Mbayt ni tashkil etadi. Disk yuzasi temir ikki oksidli (Fe203) magnitlanuvchan qatlam bilan qoplangan. Disketda axborot magnit tasma kabi magnit kallak yordamida yoziladi va o\u2018qiladi. Himoya g\u2018ilofida yozishdan himoyalashning maxsus darchasi mavjud. Ishlash vaqtida bu darcha ochiq bo\u2018lsa, undagi axborotni faqat o\u2018qish mumkin bo\u2018lib, u disketdagi axborotni o\u2018chirish va o\u2018zgartirishdan saqlaydi.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"579\" height=\"388\" src=\"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/floppi.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-86\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/floppi.png 579w, https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/floppi-300x201.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 579px) 100vw, 579px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Egiluvchan magnit disk bilan ishlash qurilmasi FDDni (Floppy \u2013 egiluvchan) qisqacha <strong>disk yurituvchi<\/strong> deb atashadi. Diskyurituvchiga qo\u2018yilgan disketga murojaat qilish uchun A: nom o\u2018zlashtiriladi. Diskyurituvchi ikkita dvigatel bilan ta\u2019minlangan. Ularning biri himoya g\u2018ilofi ichidagi plastinkani markaz atrofida, ikkinchisi esa o\u2018qish-yozish kallagini disk yuzasi ustida radius yo\u2018nalishida harakatlantiradi.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"361\" height=\"233\" src=\"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/magnit-disk-yurituvchi.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-88\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/magnit-disk-yurituvchi.jpg 361w, https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/magnit-disk-yurituvchi-300x194.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 361px) 100vw, 361px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Optik disklar<\/strong> yuzasiga yupqa qatlam maxsus kimyoviy vosita sepilgan bo\u2018lib, ularga axborot CD-ROM yoki DVD-ROM qurilmalari orqali yoziladi va o\u2018qiladi. CD (ing. Compact \u2013zich) kompakt disk, DVD (ing. Digital Versatile Disk) \u2013 raqamli universal disk deb o\u2018qiladi.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"322\" height=\"526\" src=\"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/cdrom.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-89\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Optik disklar spiralsimon bitta yo\u2018lga ega. Axborot alohida sektorlarga lazer nuri orqali disk yuzasini kuydirib baland-past iz hosil qilish orqali yoziladi. Axborotni o\u2018qish jarayonida balandliklar lazer nurini akslantirgani uchun \u201c1\u201d, pastliklar nurni yutgani uchun \u201c0\u201d kabi qabul qilinadi. DVD-ROM qurilmasining lazer nuri to\u2018lqin uzunligi CD-ROM qurilmasiga nisbatan qisqaroq. Shu sababli DVD diskka zichroq, ya\u2019ni ko\u2018proq axborot yoziladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Optik disklar 120 mm yoki 80 mm diametrli o\u2018lchamda bo\u2018ladi. CD disklar axborot sig\u2018imi 1 Gbaytdan kichik (odatda, 680\u2014720 Mbayt), DVD disklar axborot sig\u2018imi bir necha Gbayt (odatda, 4,7 Gbaytdan 17 Gbaytgacha) bo\u2018ladi. Agar optik disk yorlig\u2018ida \u201cR\u201d, ya\u2019ni Recordable yozuvi bo\u2018lsa \u2013 bir marta yozish va ko\u2018p marta o\u2018qish mumkin, \u201cRW\u201d, ya\u2019ni Rewritable yozuvi bo\u2018lsa \u2013 ko\u2018p marta yozish va ko\u2018p marta o\u2018qish mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DVD lar bir yoki ikki ishchi tomonli bo\u2018lishi mumkin. Har bir tomonida esa yana bir yoki ikki ishchi qatlam bo\u2018lishi mumkin. Ikki ishchi qatlamli disklarda birinchi qatlam yarim shaffof bo\u2018ladi. Ikkinchi ishchi qatlamdagi ma\u2019lumotlar birinchi qatlamning \u201cichidan o\u2018tib\u201d o\u2018qiladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Birinchi CD-ROM standarti 1984-yil Sony va Philips kompaniyalari tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan. Birinchi CD-RW texnologiyasi esa 1996-yilda shu va boshqa bir nechta kompaniyalar tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan. Shu o\u2018rinda CD disklarning ishlab chiqarilishi bilan bog\u2018liq kompyuterlarning imkoniyati haqida aytmay iloji yo\u2018q.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Multimedia<\/strong> \u2013 matn, tovushli ma\u2019lumotlarni, tabiiy va grafik tasvirlarni birlashtiruvchi axborot texnologiyasidir. Multimedia uchun zamonaviy CD-ROM texnologiyalar taqdimnomasi ilk marta 1987-yili Sietldagi konferensiyada (Second Microsoft CD-ROM Conference) bo\u2018lib o\u2018tdi va bu sana video va audio axborotli to\u2018laqonli multimedia paydo bo\u2018lishining boshlanishi deb hisoblanadi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hozirgi kunda axborotlarni tashish va saqlashning juda qulay vositalaridan biri bo\u2018lgan USB-yig\u2018uvchilardan <strong>flash-xotira<\/strong> va <strong>flash-disklar<\/strong> xizmat qilmoqda. USB-yig\u2018uvchilar \u2013 ko\u2018p marta yoziladigan yarim o\u2018tkazgichli xotiradir. Ular integral mikrosxemalar asosiga qurilgan bo\u2018lib, mexanik harakatlanuvchi qismlardan xolidir. Flash-xotiraning axborot sig\u2018imi 16 Mbaytdan bir necha o\u2018n Gbaytgacha bo\u2018lgan turlari mavjud. Flash-xotira va flash-disklarning kun sayin axborot sig\u2018imi kattalari ishlab chiqarilmoqda.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"346\" height=\"346\" src=\"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/fleshka.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-90\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/fleshka.jpg 346w, https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/fleshka-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/fleshka-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440<\/strong> \u2013 ma\u2019lumotlarni qog\u2018ozga chiqarish qurilmasi. Hozirgi kunda printerlarning uch turi mavjud: bosma (matritsa-o\u2018yma qolipli), purkovchi, lazerli. Printerlarning bosma turidan hozirgi kunda deyarli foydalanilmaydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Purkovchi printer ma\u2019lumotlarni, maxsus idishdagi suyuqlikni juda kichik naycha teshigidan bosimli purkash yo\u2018li bilan qog\u2018ozga chiqaradi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lazerli printer ma\u2019lumotlarni chop etishda rang solingan maxsus barabanga elektr maydonini ta\u2019sir ettirishdan foydalanadi. Bunday printerlar tez va soz ishlaydi, qog\u2018ozga chiqariladigan axborotning sifati yuqoridir. Bosma yoki purkovchi printer bir minutda bir bet ma\u2019lumot chop etsa, lazerli printerning bu ko\u2018rsatkichi o\u2018n betdan ortiq. Purkovchi va lazerli printerlarda ma\u2019lumotlarni turli ranglarda chop etish imkoniyati mavjud.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/printer.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-91\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/printer.png 500w, https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/printer-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/printer-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Plotter<\/strong> (grafyasagich) \u2013 chizmalami qog\u2018ozga chiqarish uchun xizmat qiluvchi qurilma. Qog\u2018ozda tasvirlanadigan chizmalar tushlangan pero bilan hosil qilinadi. Chizmalar 300&#215;300 sm olchamgacha bo\u2018lgan katta qog\u2018ozlarga ham chiqarilishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/plotter.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-92\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/plotter.png 500w, https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/plotter-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/plotter-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Skaner<\/strong> \u2013 fotosurat, grafik va matn shaklidagi axborotlarni kompyuterga kiritish uchun ishlatiladi. Hozirgi kunda stol usti skanerlari va qo\u2018l skanerlari keng tarqalgan.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"634\" height=\"278\" src=\"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/skaner-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-94\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/skaner-1.png 634w, https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/skaner-1-300x132.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 634px) 100vw, 634px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Web-kamera<\/strong> eng zamonaviy vositalardan biri bo\u2018lib, \u201cko\u2018zchasi\u201d qamrovidagi harakatli video axborotlarni kompyuter xotirasiga o\u2018tkazish uchun xizmat qiladi. Uning yordamida jonli telekonferensiyalar o\u2018tkazish mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"296\" src=\"http:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/web-kamera-300x296.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-95\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/web-kamera-300x296.png 300w, https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/web-kamera.png 363w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Yurgichni boshqarish va qo\u2018shimcha boshqarish vazifalarini bajaruvchi qurilmalarning quyidagi xillari mavjud: sichqoncha, trekbol, joystik. <strong>\u041c\u044b\u0448\u044c<\/strong>ning <strong>sharchali<\/strong> va <strong>optik<\/strong> turlari mavjud. Ular biror sirt bo\u2018ylab surib yurgizilganda sharcha harakatiga yoki qaytgan nurga mos signallar kompyuterga uzatiladi va ekranda sichqoncha ko\u2018rsatkichining mos harakatlari yuzaga keladi. Sichqonchada o\u2018rnatilgan tugmalar ko\u2018magida boshqaruvchi buyruqlarni jo\u2018natish mumkin. <strong>Trekbol<\/strong> &#8211; \u201csichqoncha\u201dning to\u2018nkarib qo\u2018yilgan holatiga o\u2018xshaydi, undan asosan notebook xilidagi ko\u2018chma kompyuterlarda foydalaniladi. <strong>Joystik<\/strong> \u2013 tugmali harakatlanuvchi maxsus dastadan iborat qurilma bo\u2018lib, undan asosan \u043e\u2018yin yoki mashq bajaruvchi dasturlarni boshqarishda foydalaniladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. Yangi mavzuni mustaxkamlash:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Savol va topshiriqlar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:1\">\n<li><em>Qattiq disklar haqida ma\u2019lumot bering.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Tashqi xotiraning qanday turlarini bilasiz?<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Optik disklarning turi va sig\u2018imi haqida so\u2018zlab bering.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>USB-yig\u2018uvchilar haqida so\u2019zlab bering.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Multimedia texnologiyasini qo\u2018llash uchun qanday vositalar kerak?<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mashqlar<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:1\">\n<li>Agar CD-diskning sig\u2018imi 680 Mb bo\u2018lsa, u holda unga <strong>Yuksak ma\u2019naviyat \u2013 yengilmas kuch <\/strong>iborasidan nechta yozish mumkinligini aniqlang (yo\u2018llanma: 1 ta belgi 1 bayt).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Agar kompyuter 4 Gb sig\u2018imli flash-xotiraga 480 Mb\/s tezlikda yozsa, uni to\u2018ldirish uchun qancha vaqt zarurligini hisoblang (yo\u2018llanma: sig\u2018im = tezlik \u2219 vaqt).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<!-- Yandex.RTB R-A-2562262-5 -->\n<div id=\"yandex_rtb_R-A-2562262-5\"><\/div>\n<script>window.yaContextCb.push(()=>{\n\tYa.Context.AdvManager.render({\n\t\t\"blockId\": \"R-A-2562262-5\",\n\t\t\"renderTo\": \"yandex_rtb_R-A-2562262-5\"\n\t})\n})\n<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kompyuter texnikasi vositalari, asosiy va qo&#8217;shimcha qurilmalari<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":98,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[10,13,11,9,12],"class_list":["post-79","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dars-ishlanma","tag-optik-disk","tag-plotter","tag-printer","tag-qattiq-disk","tag-skaner"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1243,"href":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79\/revisions\/1243"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/98"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dars-ishlanma.uz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}